Studies opposing evidence on the effects of burn pits
Despite the existing evidence related to the negative impact of burn pits on the health of the exposed and the surrounding, there are also studies which oppose these arguments. Accordingly, the Veterans Administration (VA) maintain the ideation that the adverse effects of burn pit exposure are short-lived in nature, and the effects disappear once the servicemen are removed from the burn pits surrounding. These sentiments of the VA are based on the evidence presented by the IOM report of 2011 which determined that there is “insufficient evidence” to correlated burning pit exposure and the negative clinical outcomes of military personnel. Nonetheless, it is critical to note that the rationale for concluding that there is “insufficient evidence” is due to existing large gaps in the data collected and provided by DoD, which makes it impossible to make a comprehensive analysis. As highlighted by Faulkner (2011), the IOM reported that “The DoD was unable to provide specific information to characterize waste streams at large and small forward operating bases.”
Diverse views
Still, on the subject of burn pit exposure and its impact on environment and health, there are diverse views regarding the issue within the United States government. For instances, Faulkner (2011) report to Congress highlight that the US Government Accountability Office highlight that the “waste management alternatives could decrease the reliance on and exposure to burn pits, but DOD has been slow to implement alternatives or fully evaluate their benefits and costs, such as avoided future costs of potential health effects.” On the flip side, the same report highlight that the US Government Accountability Office holds that the DoD had a systematic failure to comprehensively document and survey the utilization of burn pit, associated exposure, and emission as dictated by the CENTCOM guidelines (Faulkner, 2011).
Established data gap
Due to the established data gap, IOM based its examination on extrapolation of the health risks in associated occupation from studies that focused on other professions such as incinerator workers and firefighters. A large percentage of these studies focused on the adverse clinical effects of occupational exposure in Europe and Europe. With the variation in incinerated materials, methods, and protective gears, cautious investigators concluded that there is a varied level of exposure between incinerator workers and firefighters in the United States and military personnel in Afghanistan and Iraq.
According to APHA (2015), the contemporary uncertainty concerning the clinical effect of burn pit suggests that the precautionary principle needs to be applied to policies related to burn pits in Iraq and Afghanistan. Goldstein (2001) recommends that the precautionary principle should be upheld during events of scientific uncertainty by taking actions that focus on preventing harm. As such, the application of the precautionary principle required that the United States military personnel cease burning pit operations, put forth remediation efforts in affected regions, and foster activities that address the clinical conditions that veterans face and linked to their previous open burning exposure. Additionally, APHA (2015) also highlight that there is a need to determine whether the financial burden of improving waste management outweighs the overall cost of long-term clinical consequences.
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